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Amplifiers are classified from Class A to Class F based on their operating principles, conduction angles, switching methods, and efficiency. Class A conducts for the full 360° cycle, providing excellent linearity but low efficiency. Class B conducts for 180° and offers higher efficiency, although crossover distortion can occur. Class AB conducts for more than 180° but less than 360°, balancing efficiency and low distortion.

Class C conducts for less than 180° and is mainly used in tuned RF circuits. Class D uses high-frequency switching, making it highly efficient for audio amplifiers and portable speakers. Class E employs soft-switching techniques to reduce switching losses in RF power amplifiers. Class F uses harmonic tuning to shape voltage and current waveforms for improved efficiency.

Each class offers different trade-offs between linearity, distortion, power consumption, and efficiency.